Everyone seems to be overfamiliar with the blood types A, AB, B and O. But have you ever heard of blood subtypes?
What are subtypes?
Subtype is a colloquial term used to describe Rh proteins that can be found on the surface of red blood cells in addition to the A, B and O antigens (main surface identification proteins on red blood cells). Typically, when talking about Rh proteins we mainly refer to RhD because this is the most likely protein (antigen) to cause an immune response
The RhD antigens are coded for by multiple different genes and gives rise to 8 possible combinations. The combination of concern is the Dce combination (or Ro subtype).
Why are they important?
The Ro subtype is more common in individuals from Black African or Caribbean ethnic backgrounds than compared to their white counterparts. According to NHSBT, only 2.2% of donors who gave blood last year had the Ro subtype.
It is concerning because many people of the black descent live with Sickle Cell Disease and require regular blood transfusions. It is best for these individuals to receive blood from their own communities who are Ro positive. This minimises the risk of immune system reactions while Sickle Cell Warriors receive a transfusion.
On top of this, the demand for Ro positive donors is increasing, estimates from NHSBT predict it will increase by 10-15% every year!
How can you help?
We partner with NHSBT and other organisations to run blood drives near universities and we have one coming up in December. Please get in touch to find out how you can join us at one of these events!
Alternatively, if you can't make it to one of our events register with NHSBT and book your donation appointment at a centre here!
Sources
Disclaimer: ACSGiveBlood is not responsible for the content that may be found on third-party links. However, they were all correct and true at the time of publication.
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